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The Wild and the Innocent Audie Murphy

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Filmography

Red Badge of Courage (1951)

Audie Potato (xx June 1925 – 28 May 1971) was a highly decorated American soldier and Medal of Honor recipient who turned actor. He portrayed himself in the picture show To Hell and Back , the account of his World War Two experiences. During the 1950s and 1960s he was cast primarily in westerns. While oftentimes the hero, he proved his power to portray a cold-blooded hired gun in No Proper name on the Bullet. A notable exception to the westerns was The Placidity American in which he co-starred with Michael Redgrave. Murphy fabricated over xl feature films and often worked with directors more than once. Jesse Hibbs who directed To Hell and Dorsum worked with the star on half dozen films, only one-half of which were westerns. When promoting his 1949 book To Hell and Back he appeared on the radio version of This Is Your Life. To promote the 1955 picture of the same proper noun, he appeared on Ed Sullivan'south Toast of the Town. He was a glory invitee on idiot box shows such as What'southward My Line? and appeared in a scattering of tv dramas. Murphy'southward only tv serial Whispering Smith had a brief run in 1961. For his cooperation in appearing in the United States Army's Broken Bridge episode of The Big Picture tv serial he was awarded the Outstanding Civilian Service Medal.

Early career

Audie Murphy publicity photo

Audie White potato publicity photo

Murphy became a national celebrity following his World War II military service when Life magazine proclaimed him America's "most decorated soldier" in its sixteen July 1945 effect cover story.[1] That magazine encompass brought him to the attention of veteran actor James Cagney who invited him to Hollywood. When Irish potato arrived in California later his military discharge, Cagney cancelled the hotel reservations he'd made for Spud and instead took him into his own home, "I got the daze of my life. Audie was very thin. His complexion was blueish-gray." Commenting years later on his beginning impression, Cagney said, "[Murphy was] in such a nervous condition that I was afraid he might jump out of a window. I took him habitation and gave him my bed."[2] He spent three weeks equally a guest of Cagney and then returned to Texas before finally agreeing to an offer from brothers James and William Cagney of $150 a week as a contract role player with their production visitor. The Cagneys gave Tater personal attention on acting techniques.[3] He also took lessons at the Actors' Lab on Sunset Boulevard. White potato studied vocalization techniques, learned judo, and trained with choreographer John Boyle, Cagney's dance jitney for Yankee Putter Dandy.[4] A 1947 disagreement with William Cagney concluded his clan with the brothers without having been bandage in a film production.[five]

He moved into Terry Chase'south Able-bodied Society and survived on his Army alimony of $113 a calendar month. In 1948 he became acquainted with writer David "Spec" McClure who got him a $500 flake office in Texas, Brooklyn & Sky.[6] He began dating actress Wanda Hendrix in 1946.[7] Her agent got Tater a bit part in the 1948 Alan Ladd film Across Glory directed by John Farrow.[viii] Spud and Hendrix married in 1949 and divorced in 1951.[nine]

His 1949 film Bad Boy gave him his first leading role.[ten] Tater became acquainted in Texas with Interstate Theatre executive James "Skipper" Cherry,[xi] who was best man at Murphy'due south 1951 matrimony to Pamela Archer and the namesake of the couple's second son.[12] [13] Irish potato'southward association with Cherry brought him to the attention of Texas contained producer Paul Short.[11] With financing from Texas theater owners and the children'due south charitable system Multifariousness Clubs International, Short cast Murphy in Bad Boy to help promote the clemency's piece of work with troubled children.[14] Murphy performed well in the screen test, merely Steve Broidy, president of the project's production visitor Allied Artists did not want to cast someone in a major function with so lilliputian acting experience. Cherry, Brusk, and the theater owners refused to finance the movie unless Tater played the pb.[15] The 1933 Thames Williamson novel The Woods Filly caught Spud's attention during this menstruum of his career. He secured the rights to the story in the 1950s, and Marion Hargrove was hired to write the script. The film was never made.[16]

Universal Studios signed Murphy to a seven-twelvemonth studio contract at $2,500 a calendar week.[17] [eighteen] His offset picture for them in 1950 was as Billy the Kid in The Kid from Texas. He wrapped up that year making Sierra starring his wife Wanda Hendrix,[19] and Kansas Raiders every bit outlaw Jesse James. He and manager Budd Boetticher go acquainted through Terry Hunt'due south Athletic Club where Spud would asking to be his boxing partner.[twenty] Irish potato appeared in the 1951 title role of Boetticher's first westernThe Cimarron Kid.[21]

Audie Irish potato tackles the function, and probably ameliorate fits the original Brand conception than his predecessors.

Variety review of Destry [22]

The merely moving-picture show Potato made in 1952 was Duel At Silvery Creek with director Don Siegel. Murphy would team with Siegel one more fourth dimension in 1958 for The Gun Runners. He just worked ane time with director Frederick de Cordova, who later became producer of The This evening Show Starring Johnny Carson. Murphy and de Cordova made Column South in 1953.[23] George Marshall directed Murphy in the 1954 Destry, based on a graphic symbol created by writer Max Make. Two previous versions, one in 1932 with Tom Mix and one in 1939 with Jimmy Stewart and Marlene Dietrich, were both titled Destry Rides Again.[24]

The but screenplay John Meredyth Lucas always did for a Murphy film was the 1953 Tumbleweed, an accommodation of the Kenneth Perkins novel Three Were Renegades .[25] Spud played Jim Harvey, whose horse Tumbleweed displayed a talent for getting the hero out of whatsoever scrape.[26] Managing director Nathan Juran oversaw Tumbleweed, as well equally Gunsmoke and Drums Beyond the River.[27]

Equally Murphy's film career began to progress, so did his efforts to better his skills. He continually good his fast draw with a gun.[28] When Hugh O'Brian bet $500 that he could depict a gun faster than anyone in Hollywood, Murphy raised the ante to $2500 and wanted to use live ammunition; O'Brian did not accept.[29] He took both individual and classroom acting lessons from Estelle Harman, and honed his diction by reciting dialogue from William Shakespeare and William Saroyan.[xxx]

The Cherry Bluecoat of Courage

Murphy was lent to MGM at a bacon of $25,000[31] to announced in the 1951 The Red Bluecoat of Courage directed by John Huston and adapted from the Stephen Crane novel. At the urging of Spec McClure and celebrity columnist Hedda Hopper, over the misgivings of producer Gottfried Reinhardt and studio executives Louis B. Mayer and Dore Schary, director Huston cast Tater in the pb of The Youth (Henry Fleming in the novel).[32] The preview screening audiences were non enthusiastic, causing Schary to re-edit Huston'south work, eliminating several scenes and adding narration by James Whitmore.[33] MGM trimmed advertizement efforts on what they believed was an unprofitable film. What somewhen hit the theaters was not a commercial success, and it was also not the picture both Potato and Huston believed they had fabricated. White potato unsuccessfully tried to buy the rights to the movie in 1955 in an attempt to re-edit and re-release it. Huston tried to buy it in 1957, only was told the original negative of what he had filmed was destroyed.[34]

To Hell and Back

To Hell and Back – Audie Murphy and Susan Kohner

To Hell and Back – Audie Murphy and Susan Kohner

Although Spud was initially reluctant to appear equally himself in To Hell and Dorsum , the film version of his volume, he eventually agreed to practice and so. Terry Murphy portrayed his brother Joseph Preston Tater at age four. The film was directed by Jesse Hibbs with an on-screen introduction by General Walter Bedell Smith. Susan Kohner, daughter of Murphy's agent Paul Kohner,[35] made her acting debut in the pic. The finale shows Tater being awarded the Medal of Accolade while images of his unit's casualties laissez passer across the screen.[36] It became the biggest hit in the history of Universal Studios at the time.[37] [38]

Both Spud and Universal gave serious considerations to a follow-up version of his post-war life. White potato rejected the Richard J. Collins script The Mode Dorsum which created the fictional scenario that filming To Hell and Back had been so therapeutic for Spud that information technology cured him of his combat fatigue. Spec McClure scripted a second unused version of The Way Back [39] that incorporated Murphy's real-life friends into the storyline and ended with the star living happily e'er afterward with Pamela and their two sons. A third version by an unknown writer focused on the Tater-McClure friendship and was rejected by the threat of a lawsuit from McClure. Desi Arnaz offered to bankroll a 1965 projection titled Helmets in the Dust.[twoscore] At Irish potato's asking McClure wrote a film treatment, merely the project never came to fruition.[41]

Afterwards films

The Hibbs-Potato team proved so successful in To Hell and Back [42] that the two worked together on a full of v subsequent films. Hibbs directed Murphy in Ride Clear of Diablo in 1954.[43] The partnership resulted in the commercially unsuccessful not-traditional 1956 western Walk the Proud Land.[44] Hibbs and White potato teamed with each other for non-westerns Joe Butterfly [45] and World in My Corner.[44] They worked together a final fourth dimension in the 1958 western Ride a Crooked Trail.[46] Veteran character actor Dan Duryea who portrayed villain Whitey Kincaide in Ride Clear of Diablo played a second pb in two more than Potato vehicles, Night Passage [47] and Half dozen Black Horses. The Story of Charles Russell with Murphy as the lead was under development at Universal but shelved after the disappointing receipts of Walk the Proud Country. Murphy, however, was enthusiastic enough about a biopic of Charles Marion Russell to give serious consideration tor his own production that would star Guy Mitchell in the pb, but the film was not made.[48] [49]

Tater was hired by Joseph L. Mankiewicz to play the function of The American (Alden Pyle in the volume) in the 1958 version of The Quiet American, replacing Montgomery Clift when the latter dropped out. Michael Redgrave replaced Laurence Olivier who dropped out when Clift withdrew. The cold-war drama filmed in Vietnam was a departure from the genre in which Murphy had ordinarily been cast.[50]

Murphy formed a partnership with Harry Joe Dark-brown to brand iii films, the kickoff of which was the 1957 The Guns of Fort Petticoat. The partnership fell into disagreement over the remaining two projects, and Brown filed suit against White potato.[51] Although Murphy was to co-star with Robert Mitchum in the 1957 film Nighttime Riders, scheduling conflicts prevented him from doing so.[44] Springing from his skin diving hobby, Murphy hired diving expert Paul Kazear to write the script Peel Diver with a Heart . Irish potato reneged on the deal and the picture was never fabricated. Kazear sued Murphy in 1958.[52]

The 1950s ended with Potato appearing in three westerns. He co-starred with 14-twelvemonth-one-time Sandra Dee in the 1959 picture The Wild and the Innocent. The picture show'southward cast was rounded out with Gilbert Roland, Joanne Dru and Jim Backus.[53] Murphy's collaboration with Walter Mirisch on Cast a Long Shadow included an uncredited stint as co-producer. The film co-starred Terry Moore.[54] His performance in No Name on the Bullet was well received. The storyline follows the absurd, jaded hired gun every bit the townspeople are gripped with fear by his presence.[55]

Potato ... uncorks a toughness and maturity that is a powerful aid to the story.

The Hollywood Reporter review of The Unforgiven [56]

Tater and Huston worked together i more than time in the 1960 film The Unforgiven, in which Murphy took second billing every bit Burt Lancaster's racist kid brother who was aptitude on the destruction of the Kiowa.[57]Writer Clair Huffaker wrote the screenplay for 1961's Seven Means from Sundown and Posse from Hell.[58] Author Bob Herzberg deemed the scripts 2 of the best Murphy worked with in that decade.[59] Herbert Coleman directed Posse from Hell as well as the Globe War II drama Battle at Bloody Beach set in the Philippines.[60]

Willard West. Willingham and his married woman, Mary, were friends of Murphy's from his earliest days in Hollywood and who worked with him on a number of projects.[61] [62] [63] Williard was a producer on Murphy's 1961 television receiver series Whispering Smith.[64] He additionally collaborated on Bullet for a Badman [65] in 1964 and Arizona Raiders in 1965. The latter was based on activities of Quantrill's Raiders and was a remake of the George Montgomery 1951 film The Texas Rangers . The picture show likewise featured Buster Crabbe.[66] Willard was a co-writer on the screenplay for Battle at Bloody Beach.[67] The Willinghams every bit a team wrote the screenplays for Gunpoint [68] as well the script for Murphy's last starring lead in a western, 40 Guns to Apache Laissez passer .[69] Released through Columbia Pictures in May 1967, the story centered on Murphy'due south character retrieving a cache of stolen rifles sold to Apache leader Cochise.[70]

Apache Rifles in 1964 was another formula White potato western. He remained at Universal for a few more than years, then left to piece of work at Columbia and Allied Artists before making several films in Europe. In 1966 he made Torso to Cairo in State of israel. He felt the film was, "the worst James Bond parody I've always seen," but was unable to get out of the commitment.[71]

I experience like a prostitute who is a little over the hill. I get all kinds of promotional offers for movies. Merely instead of my usual price of $100,000 per picture, they offer $20,000 and a percentage of the profit you lot never see. When people find you need the coin in this town, they cut their offer by eighty percent. And I proceed turning down liquor and cigarette commercials. I don't believe they're good for kids. I guess it's a affair of not being 100 pct prostitute.[72]

—Audie Murphy, 1968

His ain company FIPCO Productions[73] produced his last film A Fourth dimension for Dying . He had a cameo function as Jesse James, and his sons Terry and James were given small roles. Willard Westward. Willingham played Frank James.[74] Budd Boetticher wrote the script, and agreed to the production every bit a return favor for an before time when Murphy had bailed him out of fiscal setbacks. The production was beset with financial problems, and the set burned twice. The moving picture opened in French republic in 1971 only was not shown in the United states until its limited release in 1982.[73] 2 other projects that Irish potato and Boetticher planned to produce, A Horse for Mr Barnum and When In that location's Sumpthin' to Practise, never came to fruition.[75]

Tater made more than 40 feature films in his career.[ALM 1] [76]

Films

Idiot box

Audie Murphy as Whispering Smith

The only idiot box serial Murphy starred in was the 1961 Whispering Smith in which he played the title grapheme. Based on the flick of the aforementioned name, the show was nearly a 19th-century Denver railroad investigator. Episodes were gleaned from real-life cases of the Denver Police Department. The United States Senate Subcommittee on Juvenile Malversation was concerned nigh the violent content in the prove and leveled charges against the network. 26 episodes had been filmed, just not all of them aired.[131]

The cooperation of the United States Army and the United States Defence force Department was extended for Potato's media appearances to publicize the film To Hell and Back.[132] Among the 1955 celebrity television shows on which Potato appeared to promote the film was Toast of the Boondocks hosted by Ed Sullivan.

The Man, a 1960 suspense episode of Startime, was based on an original Broadway play written past Mel Dinelli.[133] Tater played a mentally unbalanced stranger who posed as a student and handyman and terrorized homeowner Thelma Ritter.

Outstanding Civilian Service Certificate

Outstanding Noncombatant Service Certificate

In 1960, he was awarded the Outstanding Civilian Service Medal for his cooperation in the production of The Big Picture boob tube series episode Cleaved Span.[ALM 6]

Radio

Public Service Announcements

Notes

Footnotes

  1. ^ The verbal number varies by source. The Hollywood Walk of Fame and other sources put his total at 44.
  2. ^ The Kid From Texas is the final movie shown at the local theater in Larry McMurty'due south novel The Final Film Show.[79] [80] [xix]
  3. ^ Henry Fleming is the Youth in Stephen Crane'due south novel. In the 1951 film, Fleming is played by Murphy shown in the cast listing every bit the unnamed character "The Youth". However, Fleming is addressed past name when other characters are speaking to him.[85]
  4. ^ Alden Pyle is the American in Graham Greene'south novel. In the 1958 film, Pyle is played by Murphy as the unnamed graphic symbol "The American".[101]
  5. ^ The parents of 7 Means from Sundown Jones gave their children numbers for names. Murphy'due south graphic symbol was the concluding of seven children. The storyline has him seeking the killer of his brother 2 Jones.[114]
  6. ^ Murphy received no monetary bounty for his services on the documentary.[134] [135]
  7. ^ YouTube has several uploaded versions of the 5-minute What'southward My Line segment that features Murphy as the mystery invitee. Listed as Episode dated 3 July 1955 at IMDb
  8. ^ 56-minute uploaded on YouTube as Audie Murphy Attends Beverly Hilton Grand Opening 1955. He appears at 28:48 and briefly talks with Hedda Hopper about how he once gave his medals away but had them replaced by the U. South. Army.
  9. ^ You Asked for It ran 1951–1959 on the Dumont and ABC television networks, with hosts Fine art Baker and Jack Smith. The episodes were in response to requests submitted by viewers.[138] Murphy'southward episode features the star talking with host Jack Smith nearly his interest in quarter horses. Uploaded on YouTube.
  10. ^ The 3rd Division in Korea is an episode of The Big Movie serial of United States Army self-promotional documentaries offered at no cost to American television networks, beginning during the Korean War and standing through the Vietnam State of war.[140] The 27-infinitesimal documentary of the 3rd Infantry Division's interest in the Korean War is introduced by Sergeant Stuart Queen and Potato. At the end of the documentary, Murphy is seen in dress uniform speaking from a dais to the Division at the Port of New Orleans.[141] [142] Uploaded on YouTube.
  11. ^ Cleaved Bridge is an episode of The Big Picture series. In this episode the The states Army escorts Potato to Germany, Italia, Turkey and the U.Southward. state of New United mexican states to demonstrate their missile weaponry. Uploaded on YouTube. Listed as Audie Irish potato in Nuremberg at IMDb.[134]
  12. ^ Part of The Big Picture show series, Beyond the Call is a blackness and white docudrama about Medal of Accolade winners. Although the heroic deportment are depicted, and each soldier's personal groundwork is detailed, none of them are mentioned by name, including Murphy. Footage from the colour film To Hell and Back depicting Murphy'due south actions at Holtzwihr is converted to black and white. Uploaded on YouTube.[140] [143]
  13. ^ When Frank H. Spearman wrote the 1906 Whispering Smith novel, he appropriated the sobriquet already attached to existent-life railroad detective James 50. Smith. The 1948 film version with Alan Ladd changed the name to Luke Smith. Tater'due south character in the television set series became Tom Smith.[145] [146]
  14. ^ Hollywood Fights Dorsum was produced as two 30-minute specials by the Beginning Subpoena Committee in 1947 for broadcast 26 Oct and 2 Nov on the ABC radio network. Numerous major picture stars of the era appeared in the specials to express their opposition to the activities of the House Un-American Activities Committee. Spud spoke in the 26 October broadcast.[147]
  15. ^ Publicity for To Hell and Dorsum. The Audie Murphy Research Foundation has a user-generated reproduction of the total transcript of Murphy'due south appearance that was published in the June 1954 issue of Photoplay magazine.[148]
  16. ^ Dramatization of the real-life story of Walter and William Carlin, who every bit teenagers turned an old subcontract into a success. It was broadcast in award of the Futurity Farmers of America, and co-starred Bob Hastings, best known for his later recurring function in McHale'south Navy.[149] [150]
  17. ^ This public service announcement was written by Oscar Brodney and produced by Jesse Hibbs through Universal Studios for the U.South. Treasury Section. He talks to actors Barbara Blitz, Barney Phillips and John McIntire well-nigh savings bonds. Terry Tater also appears. Uploaded on YouTube equally Audie Murphy Promotes Savings Bonds (PSA 1955).[151]
  18. ^ Short 1956 public service declaration filmed for the National Security Committee to help promote their new 6-month reserve grooming programme for the Military. It was shown in theaters as a newsreel trailer during "Military Reserve Calendar week" and was estimated to accept been viewed by 38 meg audience members. Universal Studios, along with Audie White potato and director Jesse Hibbs, donated their time to the project.[152]

Citations

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  4. ^ Graham 1989, p. 133.
  5. ^ Graham 1989, pp. 128–147.
  6. ^ Graham 1989, pp. 150–151.
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References

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Further reading

  • Williamson, Thames (1933). The Wood Colt : a Novel of the Ozark Hills. Harcourt, Caryatid and Company. OCLC 1399074.
  • Hargrove, Marion; Williamson, Thames (c. 1955). Terminal script : "The Woods Colt". Audie Spud Productions. OCLC 40402371.

External links

  • Audie Murphy at IMDb
  • Audie L. Murphy Memorial Website
  • U.S. National Athenaeum and Records Administration

This page was terminal edited on 19 November 2021, at 21:fifteen

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The Wild and the Innocent Audie Murphy

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